George W. Bush
Led the United States response to the September 11 attacks, launching the War on Terror including the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq
Taking office less than a year before the most significant terrorist attack in American history, this president's response would define his presidency and reshape American foreign policy for the following two decades.
Responding to September 11
Bush led the American response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, launching a global "War on Terror" that would define much of his presidency.
The Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq
Bush ordered the invasions of both Afghanistan and Iraq, launching prolonged military conflicts that would continue for years and significantly shape American foreign policy debates.
Domestic Policy Initiatives
Bush's presidency included significant domestic policy initiatives, including education reforms and a major expansion of Medicare prescription drug coverage.
Navigating the 2008 Financial Crisis
Bush's final year in office coincided with the onset of the 2008 global financial crisis, requiring significant emergency government intervention in the banking sector.
