Moscow
Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia, a major political, economic, and cultural center with a history spanning nearly nine centuries.
First mentioned in historical records in 1147, Moscow grew steadily to become the center of the Grand Duchy of Moscow and later the capital of the Russian Empire, before losing that status to St. Petersburg for two centuries.
Moscow became the capital of the Soviet Union following the 1917 revolution and remained the political center of Soviet power throughout the Cold War era.
The city is home to the Kremlin, a fortified complex that serves as the official residence of the Russian president, and Red Square, one of the most recognizable public squares in the world.